Panchanga Basics - Yogas or Nitya Yogas
In Vedic astrology, a Yoga is calculated by adding the precise positions of the Sun and Moon, converting the resultant sum to minutes, and dividing the sum by 800 minutes (13 degrees 20 minutes) to determine the number of elapsed Yogas.
The attached image shows the calculation for Yoga at the time I started writing this post.
The remainder indicates what portion of the current Yoga has passed. Subtracting this remainder from 800 gives the remaining units of the current Yoga.
These elapsed or remaining units, when multiplied by 60 and divided by the sum of the daily apparent motions of the Sun and Moon, yield the elapsed and remaining Ghatikas (units of time equal to 24 minutes) of the current Yoga.
When the combined movement of the Sun and Moon from the start of Ashwini Nakshatra reaches 13 degrees 20 minutes, one Yoga is completed; at 26 degrees 40 minutes, two Yogas are completed, and so on. When both traverse 21600 minutes (360 degrees, covering 12 zodiac signs from Ashwini), 27 Yogas are completed.
The 27 Yogas:
1. Vishkambha (Pole)
2. Preeti (Love)
3. Ayushman (Long Life)
4. Saubhagya (Good Fortune)
5. Shobhan (Splendid)
6. Atiganda (Dangerous)
7. Sukarma (Virtuous Deed)
8. Dhriti (Determination)
9. Shoola (Spear)
10. Ganda (Obstacle)
11. Vriddhi (Growth)
12. Dhruva (Fixed)
13. Vyaghata (Hindrance)
14. Harshana (Joyous)
15. Vajra (Thunderbolt)
16. Siddhi (Success)
17. Vyatipata (Calamity)
18. Variyaan (Bestowal)
19. Parigha (Iron Club)
20. Shiva (Auspicious)
21. Siddha (Accomplished)
22. Sadhya (Achievable)
23. Shubha (Auspicious)
24. Shukla (Bright)
25. Brahma (Creator)
26. Aindra (Belonging to Indra)
27. Vaidhriti (Obstruction)
Rulers of the Yogas:
- Vishkambha: Yama
- Preeti: Vishnu
- Ayushman: Moon
- Saubhagya: Brahma
- Shobhan: Jupiter
- Atiganda: Moon
- Sukarma: Indra
- Dhriti: Water
- Shoola: Serpent
- Ganda: Agni
- Vriddhi: Sun
- Dhruva: Earth
- Vyaghata: Wind
- Harshana: Bhaga
- Vajra: Varuna
- Siddhi: Ganesha
- Vyatipata: Rudra
- Variyaan: Kubera
- Parigha: Vishwakarma
- Shiva: Mitra
- Siddha: Kartikeya
- Sadhya: Savitri
- Shubha: Lakshmi
- Shukla: Parvati
- Brahma: Ashwinikumar
- Aindra: Pitrs
- Vaidhriti: Diti
Inauspicious Periods of Certain Yogas:
- Parigha Yoga: The first half is to be avoided (20 Ghatikas or 4 hours), while the latter half is auspicious.
- Vishkambha Yoga: The first five Ghatikas (2 hours) are to be avoided.
- Shoola Yoga: The first seven Ghatikas (2 hours 48 minutes) are to be avoided.
- Ganda and Vyaghata Yogas: The first six Ghatikas (2 hours 24 minutes) are to be avoided.
- Harshana and Vajra Yogas: The first nine Ghatikas (3 hours 36 minutes) are to be avoided.
- Vaidhriti and Vyatipata Yogas: These entire Yogas are to be avoided.
Krittyachintamani Recommendations for Auspicious Work:
- Sadhya Yoga: One Danda (24 minutes) to be avoided.
- Vyaghata Yoga: Two Dandas (48 minutes) to be avoided.
- Shoola Yoga: Seven Dandas (2 hours 48 minutes) to be avoided.
- Vajra Yoga: Six Dandas (2 hours 24 minutes) to be avoided.
- Ganda and Atiganda Yogas: Nine Dandas (3 hours 36 minutes) to be avoided.
These guidelines are followed to determine the best times for auspicious activities, ensuring the alignment with favorable Yogas and avoiding inauspicious periods.

Correction : the first Yoga is Vishkumbha (a pitcher full of poison). Please consider it such. Thanks to @srivarahamihira sir for kindly bringing it to my notice. 🙏🏻🌺