1/ “Accidental” Intravenous (IV) injection of mRNA vaccine induces myopericarditis (inflammation of the heart), elevated troponin, infiltration of inflammatory cells, cardiomyocyte degeneration, necrosis and apoptosis of cardiac cells, edema, and pericardial calcification.
2/ The histological changes of myopericarditis after the first IV-priming dose persisted for 2 weeks and were markedly aggravated by a second IM- or IV-booster dose.
3/ Ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes (liver cells) was consistently found in the IV group.
4/ This study provided in-vivo evidence that inadvertent intravenous injection of COVID-19 mRNA-vaccines may induce myopericarditis. Authors recommend that brief withdrawal of syringe plunger to exclude blood aspiration may be one possible way to reduce such risk.
5/ The authors cannot exclude the possibility of myopericarditis developing in individuals who may be more susceptible to even a slight amount of mRNA vaccine entering the systemic circulation from intramuscular (IM) injection.
6/ Large whitish patches (arrows) were seen on the visceral pericardium of mice receiving IV vaccine.
7/ Inflammatory infiltrates of the myocardium; calcific deposits; cardiomyocyte degeneration; cardiomyocyte necrosis;
8/ Hepatocyte (liver cell) necrosis and ballooning degenerative changes of hepatocytes. Immunohistochemistry staining of spike RBD protein in liver sections at 2 days post IV vaccine.
9/ “Further research into the potential association of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and autoimmune hepatitis is required.”
10/ Reference: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
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