Rattibha

🧵: Ruling with other than Allah revealed

Imam Ibn Taymiyyah: “And whoever knows that he rules between the people with some of them (non-Shar'i laws), and does not judge between them according to the Book (Qur'an) and the Sunnah, then he is a Kaafir.”
| Minhaj As-Sunnah An-Nabawiyah (5/132) |🔸1

Imam Ibn Taymiyyah: “If a person regards as Halal that which is Haram by Ijma, or regards as Haram that which is Halal by Ijma, or alters a Law on which there is an Ijma, then he is a Kaafir Murtad with the consensus of the Fuqaha”
| Majmu' al-Fatawaa (3/267) |🔸2

Imam ibn Taymiyyah:
“The term ‘Shari'ah’ is spoken by many people and does not differenciate between the Shar' which has been revealed by Allah, which the Book (Qur'an) and the Sunnah, which Allah sent His Messenger with, and this Shar', it is not for anyone of the creation🔸3A

to leave it, and no one leaves it except for a Kaafir.”
| Majmu' al-Fatawaa (11/262) |🔸3B

Imam ibn Taymiyyah said: "Permitting and prohibiting belongs to no one except Allāh and His Messenger. Thus whoever punishes anyone who does and leaves [a thing] in accordance to other than the command of Allāh and His Messenger and legislates that as a law has🔸4A

made a partner to Allāh and His Messenger similar to the mushrikīn who made partners to Allāh or similar to the murtaddīn who believed in Musaylamah the Liar. And he is the one it is said to be addressed in: "Or do they have partners that legislated for them a dīn🔸4B

which Allāh has not given permission?" [ash-Shūrā: 21]
| al-Fatāwā al-Kubrā (6/339) |🔸4C

Imam ibn Kathir: “The one who forsakes the Law that was revealed to Muhammad ibn ’AbdAllah, the Seal of the Prophets, and refers to judgement (Tahhakum) to any other law that has been abrogated, has committed an act of Kufr, so what of the one who refers to the Yasaq🔸5A

and gives it precedence? The one who does that is a Kaafir with the ’Ijma of the Muslims.”
| al-Bidayah wan-Nihayah (13/139) |🔸5B

Ibn al-Qayyim: “Whoever takes his opponent to other than Allāh and His Messenger ﷺ (for judgment) has definitely sought the judgment of the Tāghūt, while he has been ordered to reject it, and that the person can never reject the Tāghūt🔸6A

until he makes all judgment for Allāh alone.”
| Tarīq al-Hijratayn (pg. 74) |🔸6B

Imam Mujahid رحمه الله also said regarding the “Taghut”:
"Taghut is shaytan in human form from whom the people seek judgement (Tahhakum), and he is their leader."
| Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim |🔸7

As-Suddi said: “{And those who do not judge by what Allah has revealed} : Whoever doesn’t judge by what was revealed (i.e Qur'an), and left it intentionally, and he kept violating while knowing this, then he is from the disbelievers.”
| Tafsīr Ibn Abi Hatim |🔸8

Imam As-Sam’ani in his Tafsir al-Qur’an: “{And whoever does not rule by what revealed, such are the Kaafirun}. Al-Baraa ibn ’Azib said - and it is the saying of Hassan [al-Basri] as well - : The Ayah is in regards to the Mushrikin. Ibn ‘Abbas said:🔸9A

The Ayah is in regards to the Muslimin, and what is meant is Kufr Duna Kufr. Know that the Khawarij inferred from this Ayah and said whoever does not rule by what Allah has revealed is a Kaafir. Whereas, Ahlus-Sunnah said: he does not fall into Kufr by leaving the ruling..🔸9B

The Ayah has two interpretations;
First, whoever does not rule by what Allah has revealed by going against and rejecting it, then those are the Kaafirun..🔸9C

Second, whoever does not rule by what Allah has revealed in totality, then those are the Kaafirun. And the Kaafir is the one who leaving every ruling that Allah has revealed.🔸9D

al-Qadhi ‘Ismail bin Ishaq bin Hammad bin Zayd: “And this saying is an agreement by ‘Umar and ‘Ali that whoever legislates law that contradicts the book of Allah, he has The ruling of those who preceded him who opposed the kitab”
| Ahkam Al-Quran lil-Qushayri (pg 487) |🔸10

Ibn Hajar: “He (the Ruler) is to be removed because of Kufr according to consensus, so it is obligatory upon each Muslim to rise up for that, and whoever does it will have his reward,🔸11A

and whoever neglects that has sinned, and whoever is incapable must migrate from that land.”
| Fath al-Bārī (13/123) |🔸11B

al-Qadi ῾Iyad: “There is no difference of opinion among the Muslims that the leadership (Imamah) can’t be for a Kāfir and if it happens then it cannot remain, and likewise if he leaves the establishment of prayers and the call to it So if like this happens from the leader🔸12A

such as Kufr or change in the Sharī῾ah or a taˈwīl of Bid῾ah, then he has left the status of authority and his (right) of obedience falls and it becomes obligatory upon the people to rise up against him and remove him and set up a just leader or put one in his place🔸12B

if that is possible for them. And if that is not possible except for a group, (with) fitnah and war, then it is obligatory upon them to rise up with that against the Kāfir.”
| Ikmāl al-Mu῾lim (6/246) |🔸12C

Shaykh Sulayman Ibn Abdillah Ibn Muhammad Ibn Abdil-Wahhab:
“And His Statement: {while they have been ordered to disbelieve in it} [4:60] meaning at-Taghut. And it indicates that referring to at-Taghut for judgement nullifies faith and contradicts it,🔸13A

hence faith is not sound except by disbelieving in at-Taghut and abandoning referring to it for judgment. So, whoever does not disbelieve in at-Taghut he has not believed in Allah.”
| Taysir ul-’Aziz il-Hamid (pg. 963) |🔸13B

Shaykh Muhammad bin Ibrahim: “As for the saying ‘Kufr Duna Kufr’, it is when the Ruler rules with other than Allah, with the firm conviction that this is disobedience. He believes that the judgement of Allah is the Truth, but he leaves it in one matter. As for whoever🔸14A

ordered and placed man-made laws to be binding, then it is Kufr, even if they say ‘We have sinned and the judgement of the Shari'ah is more just’. This is still Kufr that removes one from the Millah (religion).”
| Fatawaa wa Rasa‘il (12/280) |🔸14B

Shaykh Muhammad bin Ibrahim: “Perhaps you would say: ‘If the one who rules according to man-made laws says: I believe that this is false’, this doesn't change the ruling, rather he is abolishing the Shari'ah completely. It is like someone saying:🔸15A

‘I worship idols but I believe they are false.’ And if anyone is able to migrate from a land where man-made laws are established, then it is obligatory (to do so).
| Fatawaa wa Rasa‘il (6/189) |🔸15B

Shaykh 'Abdul-'Aziz Al-'Abdul-Latif: “Ruling by other than what Allah revealed becomes minor kufr if a Ruler or a Qadhi rules by other than what Allah revealed in a specific case while believing in the obligation of ruling by what Allah revealed in this specific case..🔸16A

So he turned away from it out of disobedience due to a desire while acknowledging that he is sinful in this and deserving of punishment.”
| Nawāqid al-Imān (pg. 235) |🔸16B

Shaykh Muhammad al-Amin ash-Shinqītī: “ ...And it is understood from these verses such as His (Allah's) statement: "And He shares not His Legislation with anyone." [Surah al-Kahf 18:26] The followers of the legislated laws other than what Allah legislated, are Mushrikūn..🔸17A

He also said: So He (Allah) clarified that they are Mushrikūn (meaning, polytheists) due to their obedience. And this is the Shirk of obedience, and following legislation which opposes what Allah Taʿāla legislated, (this) is what is meant by the 'the worship of the shaytan'🔸17B

in the statement of Allah: Did I not enjoin upon you — O children of Adam — that you not worship Satan - [for] indeed, he is to you a clear enemy? [Sūrah Yā Sīn 36:60]”🔸17C

Shaykh ῾Abdul-῾Azīz ibn āl-῾Abdul-Latif: “For these (narrations) we must be reminded here that there are people who hold the statements of Ibn ῾Abbās as well as others that have passed, upon a meaning, which they cannot be held. So they taint the understanding🔸18A

and the meaning from it and for this reason it is incumbent upon us to make this clear. We have to understand from the words of Abū Majliz and Ibn ῾Abbas on their appearance, according to its context without exaggeration and without concealing..🔸18B

So we should not be like the Khawārij; the ones who made everything that is not in accordance with Allāh’s Ḥukm to be Kufr al-Akbar and at the same time we should not be like the opposite group (the Murjiˈah) who made the changing and replacing of the Sharī῾ah🔸18C

to be Kufr al-Asghar. Ibn ῾Abbas and Abū Majliz were not referring to those who refuse and refrain from adhering to the Sharī῾ah or who erased it; taking instead, the laws of Jāhiliyyah because there is no one from the preceding centuries who has done that..🔸18D

And the words of the Salaf as-Sālih concerning the sin of "Kufr dūna Kufr" revolves around one matter or one specific instance in the ruling by other than Allāh’s Hukm out of desire with the belief that it is Harām and sinful to do so,🔸18E

however it (i.e. Kufr dūna Kufr) is not the general rule. This is an apparent matter which is made clear by the words of Ibn Taymiyyah who said, ‘...but the one who is following the Hukm of Allāh and His Messenger ﷺ both inwardly and outwardly,🔸18F

but he disobeys it and follows his desires, then he is at the level of those like him; the level of the sinners.’”
| Nawāqid al-Imān (pgs. 339-340) |🔸18G

Shaykh ῾Abd ar-Razāq al-῾Afīfī: “The same ruling (of Kufr which puts one beyond the pale of Islam) also applies to those who knowingly make laws to compete with and oppose the laws of Islam, and those who enforce its implementation or force the Ummah to follow it,🔸19A

or become judges to judge the people according to those laws or implement rulings according to them. The same ruling applies to those who obey the rulers and accept the laws which they institute for which Allāh has not sent down any authority..🔸19B

All of them followed their own whims and desires, and not the guidance of Allāh. They are partners in deviation, Kufr and transgression; their knowledge of the laws of Allāh and their belief in what they contain do not benefit them when they have turned away from them🔸19C

and kept away from their rulings by implementing laws legislated by themselves and referring to them for judgement just as Iblīs did not benefit from his knowledge of the truth and his belief in it, when he turned away from it and did not submit to it..🔸19D

In this way, they took their own whims and desires as a god.”
| Shubūhāt Hawl as-Sunnah (pgs. 64-65) |🔸19E

Shaykh 'Abdullah Ibn Humayd: "Whoever sets a general legislation imposing it on the people contradicting the hukm of Allah then he is a kafir whose kufr expels him from the religion"🔸20

Shaykh Bakr Abu Zayd: “And from its worse manifestations in our times, is the Shirk of legislation, by exiting the Sharī῾ah of the Lord of the Earth and the Heavens with man-made laws, and these (laws) according to this Irjā is not Kufr.”
| ar-Rudūd (pg. 203) |🔸21

Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i: “Democracy is Kufr because it means that the populace rules itself by itself. It means that there is no Book, no Sunnah, no Islam and the permissibility of fornication and homosexuality”
| Tuhfat ul-Mujīb (pg. 303) |🔸22

Shaykh Muḥammad ibn al-῾Uthaymīn: “As for the one who legislates these laws then he has placed himself into the rank of Ulūhiyyah or Rubūbiyyah meaning that he has made himself a legislating lord and whoever obeys him in this or agrees with him on that🔸23A

then he is a Mushrik because he has placed him into the rank of a lord in Tashrī῾.”
| ash-Sharḥ al-Mumti῾ (14/409) |🔸23B

Shaykh Ibn 'Uthaymin: "Whoever does not rule by what Allah revealed because he thinks little of it, or looks down on it, or believes that something else is better than it, and is more beneficial for the creation or similar (beliefs),🔸24A

then he is a Kaafir whose kufr expels him from the Religion, and from these (people) are those who promulgate laws for people which oppose Islamic laws so that it becomes a system that the people follow. They only promulgate those laws which oppose Islamic laws🔸24B

because they believe that they are better and more beneficial for the creation. Because it is known on the basis of reason and sound human nature that no one turns away from a path,🔸24C

unless he believes that what he has turned to is better and what he has turned away from is lacking."
| Sharh Usul ath-Thalathah (pg. 158) |🔸24D

Shaykh Ibn al-῾Uthaymīn: “The first type is when the Ḥukm of Allāh is removed and replaced with another Tāghūti Hukm, so that the Hukm of the Sharī῾ah is eliminated between the people and he puts in its place another Hukm from the fabrications of humans🔸25A

and they remove the laws of the Shariah concerning the Mu῾āmalah (i.e the general actions between people) and they put in its place fabricated laws and this, without doubt, is Istibdāl of the Sharī῾ah of Allāh subhānahu wa ta῾āla with other than it..🔸25B

And this is the Kufr which removes one from the Millah because this person put himself at the level of the Creator because he legislated for the slaves of Allāh that which Allāh ta῾āla did not give permission for and that is Shirk.”
| Fiqh al-῾lbadāt (pg. 61) |🔸25C

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Shaykh ʿAbdur-Rahmān Ibn Salih al-Mahmud: “The statement that that he (who does not judge by what Allah revealed) does not commit kufr except if he makes it Ḥalāl — is the Asl of the madhab of the Murji'ah🔸26A

who believe that Īmān is only in the heart and that actions are not a part of it.”
| al-Hukmu bi-ghayri ma Anzal Allāh (pg.184) |🔸26B

Abdullah al-Qarni: “It (Kufr dūna Kufr) was not meant for those who abolish the Sharī῾ah and (those) who seek judgment from man-made laws because there was none in his time who did this. Rather it is meant for the Muslim ruler who is commited to ruling by Sharī῾ah of Allāh🔸27A

but he oppressed and ruled without justice in a specific instance then he does not disbelieve except if he makes permissible what he has done.”
| Dhawabit at-Takfīr (pg. 164) |🔸27B

Saleh al-Fawzan: “And the Tawaghīt are many and every Taghūt is a Kaafir without a doubt."
| Majmu' ul-Fatawa (1/18) |

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