We will be setting Adamic Exceptionalism aside for now. If we think about it, evolution says that diversity is a products of either a diverse gene pool or mutation. Now given enough time, geographic differences, and reproduction, any species can develop a diverse gene pool.
A single pair of fish are the only survivors of a natural disaster. They are heterozygous and are relatively different genetically, different subspecies of the same species. They start producing alot of offspring. Due to there genetic differences, the offspring are quite diverse.
After some generations, unfortunately diseases start to accumulate due to inbreeding. The survival of the fittest routine, however, selects the individuals that didn't have deases and were more fit. This causes most of the bad mutations to disappear from the gene pool.
The species then move out and travel to different places with each place selecting a particular adaptation to be more fit and have better chances for survival. Given enough time, the species will have diversified it's geen pool.
Similarly, Adam and Eve could've been quite different genetically, which would increase there first descendants geen pool. The early humans would have natural selection and mutation change their appearances (create new races) and finish most of the diseases caused by inbreeding.
Now, either the early humans would have had a higher mutation rate than us, which is possible, or have had a really long time to live on Earth. My proposal is that Adam is not just the father of Homo Sapiens but also of Neadertals, because Neadertals are very much human.
This would push Adam's children's time on Earth to about 750,000 to 500,000 years, which is enough time for mutation and natural selection to produce our diverse geen pool. As much as I have read, there is nothing in the Quran or the authentic Sunnah that states when Adam lived.
So I think that's a perfectly fine view to hold to. If I had made any scientific or theological mistake in my theory, I'm open to Constructive Criticism (and my DMs are too 😉) God knows best. Jazakumallahkheir.
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