EVIDENCE FROM INSCRIPTIONS [HADITH RELIABILITY]
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Many Islamic narratives which were transmitted to us via the isnad system have been confirmed via inscriptions.
EXAMPLE 1:
A notable feature of the below inscription is the mention of the death of ʿUmar in 24 AH.
The translation of the above inscription is:
"In the name of God
I, Zuhayr, wrote [this] at the time ʿUmar died in the year four
and twenty (i.e., 24 AH)."
"In the name of God
I, Zuhayr, wrote [this] at the time ʿUmar died in the year four
and twenty (i.e., 24 AH)."
Islamic history informs us that ʿUmar bin al-Khattāb died on the last night of the month of Dhūl-Hijjah of the year 23 AH, and was buried next day on the first day of Muharram of the new year 24 AH, corresponding to 644 CE.
Thus the date mentioned in the inscription confirms the established and known date of the death of ʿUmar bin al-Khattāb. [1]
EXAMPLE 2:
The inscription below was written in the year 24 AH in Makkah. It mentions the reign of caliph ʿUthmān ibn ʿAffān.
The translation of the above inscription is:
"[in] God. And [this] was writtem during the time when
the son of ʿAffān was made commander [of the believers]
in the year four and twenty.
I am ʿAbdullāh bin
Sʿad bin Zayd.
I am [ʿUtbah]
bin Rāshid al-Masāhaqi." [2]
"[in] God. And [this] was writtem during the time when
the son of ʿAffān was made commander [of the believers]
in the year four and twenty.
I am ʿAbdullāh bin
Sʿad bin Zayd.
I am [ʿUtbah]
bin Rāshid al-Masāhaqi." [2]
These are just two examples and there are many more. What these inscriptions show is that, at-least broadly speaking, the transmission of Islamic history and stories are reliable, and these events of Islam really happened.
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