A quote on colonolized Muslims before the first world war:
"As the British and French drew their empires into the European war, they were forced to examine the loyalties of the Muslim subjects under their rule.

The Algerians had long-standing grievances with the status quo, which denied citizens’ rights to native Arabs and Berbers. Indian Muslims were restive after decades of declining influence in the British administration and increasingly declared allegiance to the Ottoman sultan in

his role as caliph of the global Muslim community. Three decades of British occupation had given rise to a nationalist movement in Egypt, whose bid For independence had been frustrated at every turn. Some feared, with good

reason, that colonial policies had so alienated Muslims in India and North Africa that they might side with the enemies of Britain and France in the hope of securing independence through a German victory."
- The Fall of the Ottoman Empire pg 68