I always thought it odd that the assigned values of chess pieces are integers. Given the complexity of the game that can't really be true, can it? And indeed it isn't. A short thread ๐งต 1/7
The source for integer values is apparantly the popular book by Reuben Fine which popularized the 1-3-3-5-9 values in 1942 2/7
But there have been several people working through pages of maths to come to more fine-grained scales. Here is a summary from 1916 3/ 7
This sounds like a hard problem, because values of chess pieces depend on the other pieces left on the board. For example a bishop is worth much more if you still have the other bishop. In fact that this separation was later made by several people 4/7
But modern chess engines can actually determine the value of the individual pieces by comparing the strength of different positions based on the pieces in play for 1000s of games. The most recent analysis was done using AlphaZero in 2020 arxiv.org 5/7