How to perform memory management in Linux!
A Detailed Thread 👇
A Detailed Thread 👇
[1] Monitoring memory usage:
You can monitor the memory usage of your Linux server using various command-line tools, such as top, htop, and free. These tools display the amount of memory used by each process, the total amount of available memory, and other relevant information.
You can monitor the memory usage of your Linux server using various command-line tools, such as top, htop, and free. These tools display the amount of memory used by each process, the total amount of available memory, and other relevant information.
[1.1] Monitoring memory usage using the free command:
The free command displays the amount of free and used memory on your system. You can run it in the terminal using the following command:
$ free -h
This will display the memory usage in a human-readable format.
The free command displays the amount of free and used memory on your system. You can run it in the terminal using the following command:
$ free -h
This will display the memory usage in a human-readable format.
[2] Adjusting the swappiness parameter:
The swappiness parameter controls how aggressively the system swaps out memory pages to disk.
The swappiness parameter controls how aggressively the system swaps out memory pages to disk.
A value of 0 means the system will avoid swapping mem pages out to disk as much as possible, while a value of 100 means the system will swap out mem pages aggressively.
Below cmd will set the swappiness value to a specific number which is 50 here.
$ sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=50
Below cmd will set the swappiness value to a specific number which is 50 here.
$ sudo sysctl vm.swappiness=50
[3] Limiting memory usage:
You can limit the memory usage of individual processes using various tools such as ulimit, cgroups, and systemd. These tools can help prevent memory-hungry processes from consuming too much memory and causing system instability.
You can limit the memory usage of individual processes using various tools such as ulimit, cgroups, and systemd. These tools can help prevent memory-hungry processes from consuming too much memory and causing system instability.
[3.1] Limiting memory usage using ulimit:
The ulimit command can be used to limit the amount of memory a process can use. For example, to limit the amount of memory that the myapp process can use to 1GB, run the following command:
$ ulimit -v 1000000
$ myapp
The ulimit command can be used to limit the amount of memory a process can use. For example, to limit the amount of memory that the myapp process can use to 1GB, run the following command:
$ ulimit -v 1000000
$ myapp
[3.2] Limiting mem usage using cgroups:
cgroups is a Linux kernel feature dat allows u to limit & prioritize system resources, including mem, CPU, & disk I/O.
To limit the amt of memory dat a group of processes can use, create a new cgroup for those processes & set a mem limit
cgroups is a Linux kernel feature dat allows u to limit & prioritize system resources, including mem, CPU, & disk I/O.
To limit the amt of memory dat a group of processes can use, create a new cgroup for those processes & set a mem limit
Here's an example:
$ sudo cgcreate -g memory:mygroup
$ sudo cgset -r memory.limit_in_bytes=1G mygroup
$ sudo cgexec -g memory:mygroup myapp
This creates a new cgroup called mygroup, sets the memory limit to 1GB, and launches the myapp process inside that cgroup.
$ sudo cgcreate -g memory:mygroup
$ sudo cgset -r memory.limit_in_bytes=1G mygroup
$ sudo cgexec -g memory:mygroup myapp
This creates a new cgroup called mygroup, sets the memory limit to 1GB, and launches the myapp process inside that cgroup.
[4] Optimizing memory usage for a specific app:
For eg, if u are using MySQL db, u can optimize mem usage by adjusting various config settings. This can include settings such as innodb_buffer_pool_size, which controls the amt of mem used by InnoDB to cache table data & indexes.
For eg, if u are using MySQL db, u can optimize mem usage by adjusting various config settings. This can include settings such as innodb_buffer_pool_size, which controls the amt of mem used by InnoDB to cache table data & indexes.
[5] Using systemd to limit memory usage:
systemd is a system and service manager for Linux. It includes a feature called resource control, which allows you to limit the amount of memory that a service can use.
systemd is a system and service manager for Linux. It includes a feature called resource control, which allows you to limit the amount of memory that a service can use.
Here's an example:
$ sudo systemctl edit myservice
This opens a text editor where you can add configuration settings for the myservice service. Add the following lines to limit the memory usage:
[Service]
MemoryLimit=1G
This sets the memory limit for myservice to 1GB.
$ sudo systemctl edit myservice
This opens a text editor where you can add configuration settings for the myservice service. Add the following lines to limit the memory usage:
[Service]
MemoryLimit=1G
This sets the memory limit for myservice to 1GB.
[6] Tuning the kernel for memory management:
You can tune various kernel parameters to optimize memory management on your Linux server. For example, you can adjust the vm.min_free_kbytes parameter to reserve a minimum amount of memory that the kernel will keep free.
You can tune various kernel parameters to optimize memory management on your Linux server. For example, you can adjust the vm.min_free_kbytes parameter to reserve a minimum amount of memory that the kernel will keep free.
Here's an example:
$ sudo sysctl vm.min_free_kbytes=65536
This sets the minimum amount of free memory to 64MB.
These are just a few examples of how to perform memory mgmt on a Linux server. The best approach may vary depending on ur specific use case and system requirements.
$ sudo sysctl vm.min_free_kbytes=65536
This sets the minimum amount of free memory to 64MB.
These are just a few examples of how to perform memory mgmt on a Linux server. The best approach may vary depending on ur specific use case and system requirements.
[7] Upgrading hardware:
If your server is running low on memory, upgrading the hw can be an effective solution. For example, if your server has 4GB of RAM and you're running out of memory, upgrading to 8GB of RAM can significantly improve ur server's performance & stability.
If your server is running low on memory, upgrading the hw can be an effective solution. For example, if your server has 4GB of RAM and you're running out of memory, upgrading to 8GB of RAM can significantly improve ur server's performance & stability.
[8] Optimizing memory usage:
U can optimize the mem usage of your Linux server by tuning ur apps & services to use memory efficiently. This may include optimizing ur db configs, reducing unnecessary logging and debugging, & minimizing the no of unnecessary background processes.
U can optimize the mem usage of your Linux server by tuning ur apps & services to use memory efficiently. This may include optimizing ur db configs, reducing unnecessary logging and debugging, & minimizing the no of unnecessary background processes.
It's important to note that memory mgmt is a complex topic, & the best approach may vary depending on the specific needs of ur Linux server. It's recommended to consult the documentation for ur particular Linux distribution & to seek the advice of experienced system admins.
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