One of the many reasons why India cannot match China's development, is due to India's lack of internal waterways(navigable river)
In China, ships as large as 3000 tons can travel up the Yangtze river 1500km inland to Chongqing
Thread using geography to explain India's problem๐งต
In China, ships as large as 3000 tons can travel up the Yangtze river 1500km inland to Chongqing
Thread using geography to explain India's problem๐งต
Having access to water based transport is extremely important, as the lower cost and efficient transport makes the manufacturing supply chain go smoother.
This is the Yangtze and Grand Canal intersection in China:
This is the Yangtze and Grand Canal intersection in China:
This is the port of Chongqing 1500 km away from the mouth of the Yangtze in Shanghai.
River ports like these exists all along the Yangtze river, giving landlocked cities the benefits of coastal cities
River ports like these exists all along the Yangtze river, giving landlocked cities the benefits of coastal cities
India's population is concentrated along the Ganges river flood plain, mainly in the landlocked states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
Those 2 Indian states with some of the largest population, only has a 22% and 11% urbanization rate.
Those 2 Indian states with some of the largest population, only has a 22% and 11% urbanization rate.
The Ganges is not navigable by cargo ships
Causing the 2 Indian states along it to have very low GDP per capita
$934 for Uttar Pradesh and $661 for Bihar.
Not only GDP per capita, also in HDI and malnutrition.
Other Indian states aren't much better, but these 2 are the worst
Causing the 2 Indian states along it to have very low GDP per capita
$934 for Uttar Pradesh and $661 for Bihar.
Not only GDP per capita, also in HDI and malnutrition.
Other Indian states aren't much better, but these 2 are the worst
The Ganges also empties into the ocean via Bangladesh, which means India cannot have a port city on the mouth of its main river.
Like Shanghai is for the Yangtze river.
If you've noticed, port cities in Southern China is richer and bigger than Northern China.
Like Shanghai is for the Yangtze river.
If you've noticed, port cities in Southern China is richer and bigger than Northern China.
This is because from Shanghai southwards, the coastline becomes jagged, which means cities have a longer coastline compared to its area.
Indian coastline is VERY straight, so city clusters cannot form along the coast, WHILE at the same time adhere to the 60km radius city limit
Indian coastline is VERY straight, so city clusters cannot form along the coast, WHILE at the same time adhere to the 60km radius city limit
60 km is generally considered to be the upper limit of a city, a car travelling at 60km/h needs 1 hour to get to the center.
Tokyo, currently the largest city has a radius of ~35km, Shanghai ~25km radius.
And that's built on the super efficient Shanghai and Tokyo infrastructure
Tokyo, currently the largest city has a radius of ~35km, Shanghai ~25km radius.
And that's built on the super efficient Shanghai and Tokyo infrastructure
So on top of all the problems India have:
from overpopulation,
undereducation,
poor infrastructure,
scattered governance,
Social structural issues relating to landownership and caste discrimination
They'll have to develop against its own bad geography
from overpopulation,
undereducation,
poor infrastructure,
scattered governance,
Social structural issues relating to landownership and caste discrimination
They'll have to develop against its own bad geography
Loading suggestions...