As an #UPSC Aspirant I found Volcanism very confusing
This ๐งต will solve ALL your Doubts on Volcanoes
Bookmark to Revise & Add to your notes
(Includes Diagrams & Tables)
This ๐งต will solve ALL your Doubts on Volcanoes
Bookmark to Revise & Add to your notes
(Includes Diagrams & Tables)
1. What is it?
Volcanism involves magma rising to the Earth's surface, forming volcanoes as molten rock escapes through vents & fissures in the crust
Accompanied by steam, gases (hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide) & pyroclastic material
Volcanism involves magma rising to the Earth's surface, forming volcanoes as molten rock escapes through vents & fissures in the crust
Accompanied by steam, gases (hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, carbon dioxide) & pyroclastic material
2. Classification of Volcanoes:
By Eruption Frequency:
- Active: Frequent/recent eruptions (e.g., Barren Islands)
- Dormant: Not recently erupted but has a historical record
- Extinct: No eruptions in human history
Contd....
By Eruption Frequency:
- Active: Frequent/recent eruptions (e.g., Barren Islands)
- Dormant: Not recently erupted but has a historical record
- Extinct: No eruptions in human history
Contd....
By Eruption Mode:
- Center Type: Erupt through vents, common worldwide
- Fissure-Type: Magma flows through long cracks, low dome-shaped volcanoes
By Lava Characteristics
Basic: Rich in metallic minerals, forms shield volcanoes
Acidic: Rich in silica, steep composite volcanoes
- Center Type: Erupt through vents, common worldwide
- Fissure-Type: Magma flows through long cracks, low dome-shaped volcanoes
By Lava Characteristics
Basic: Rich in metallic minerals, forms shield volcanoes
Acidic: Rich in silica, steep composite volcanoes
3. Types of Lava
Acidic:
- Low density, high silica
- โ viscous, โ melting point
- Slow flow, solidify fast, steep-sided cones
Basic:
- Dark-colored (like basalt),low silica
- Quiet flow, not very explosive, Hottest lavas
- High fluidity, covers vast areas as thin sheets
Acidic:
- Low density, high silica
- โ viscous, โ melting point
- Slow flow, solidify fast, steep-sided cones
Basic:
- Dark-colored (like basalt),low silica
- Quiet flow, not very explosive, Hottest lavas
- High fluidity, covers vast areas as thin sheets
4. Types of Extrusive Landforms:
- Lava Plains & Basalt Plateau: Fluid, e.g., Snake Basin (USA), Deccan
- Lava Domes/Shield Volcanoes: e.g Mauna Loa, Kilauea
- Ash & Cinder Cones: Less fluid, large crater, steep slope
Examples: Mt. Nauvoo (Naples), Mt. Paricutin (Mexico)
- Lava Plains & Basalt Plateau: Fluid, e.g., Snake Basin (USA), Deccan
- Lava Domes/Shield Volcanoes: e.g Mauna Loa, Kilauea
- Ash & Cinder Cones: Less fluid, large crater, steep slope
Examples: Mt. Nauvoo (Naples), Mt. Paricutin (Mexico)
5. Types of Intrusive Landform
Use this table to understand & Revise Quickly
Use this table to understand & Revise Quickly
5. Other
Geyser
- Water is heated beyond the boiling point and erupts with force
- Fountain of hot water and superheated steam from beneath the earth
Eg: Iceland
Thermal Springs:
- Water rises to the surface without explosion
- Contains dissolved minerals
- Eg: Hawaii & Japan
Geyser
- Water is heated beyond the boiling point and erupts with force
- Fountain of hot water and superheated steam from beneath the earth
Eg: Iceland
Thermal Springs:
- Water rises to the surface without explosion
- Contains dissolved minerals
- Eg: Hawaii & Japan
Your Answer is incomplete without a specific map
- Mention Circum Pacific Ring of Fire
- Remember Key Names of Volcanoes eg Kilimanjaro
- Mention Circum Pacific Ring of Fire
- Remember Key Names of Volcanoes eg Kilimanjaro
I hope this helped.
You can ask me your doubts in the comment section below or DM me
Follow @Pakalamadhu11 for Simplifies Geography & #UPSC Content
You can ask me your doubts in the comment section below or DM me
Follow @Pakalamadhu11 for Simplifies Geography & #UPSC Content
Loading suggestions...