Siim Land
Siim Land

@siimland

14 Tweets 21 reads Jul 31, 2023
Potassium is the most abundant intracellular cation that helps to maintain intracellular fluid volume.
Without potassium, you'll greatly increase your risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke (THREAD⬇️⬇️)
The concentration of potassium in the cell is 30x higher than outside the cell
This difference is regulated by the sodium-potassium ATPase pump
Once activated, the Na-K-ATPase exchanges 2 extracellular potassium ions for 3 intracellular sodium ions
Consuming <1353 mg/day of potassium increases the risk of stroke by 28%
An intake between 3500-4700 mg/day is associated with a 24% reduced risk of stroke compared to <3500 mg/day (Bazzano et al 2001)
Most people get <2800 mg a day
The blood pressure-lowering effects of potassium were first described in 1928
Recent studies have demonstrated how increasing potassium bicarbonate intake from 1,170 mg/day to 4,680 mg/day for 6 weeks can reduce rising blood pressure (PMID: 9931076)
The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) study concluded that:
A diet rich in fruit and vegetables has a much more beneficial effect on blood pressure than the Standard American Diet high in sugar, fat, and added salt (PMID: 9099655)
Potassium depletion impairs insulin production and promotes carbohydrate intolerance in humans
High dietary potassium intake is also associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (PMID: 22322920)
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
The old RDA for potassium is set at 4,700 mg/d
The WHO has set the adequate intake for potassium at 3,400 mg/d for men and 2,600 mg for women
For primary prevention of hypertension, it has been recommended to get over 3,500 mg/d of potassium
(PMID: 14656957)
American adults only get around 2,800 mg/day of potassium
In Europe, Greece has the lowest potassium intake at 3,536 mg/day for men and 2,730 mg/day for women,
The highest average intake of potassium is in Spain, at 4,870 mg/day for men and 3,723 mg/day for women
Increasing potassium by 700-1,200 mg/d can result in a 2-3 mmHg reduction in systolic blood pressure (PMID: 6984027)
A meta-analysis of 15 prospective cohort studies, found that increasing potassium intake by 1,640 mg/d was linked to a 21% lower risk of stroke (PMID: 21371638)
Hunter-gatherer tribes have been estimated to consume anywhere from 5,850-11,310 mg/day of potassium (PMID: 2981409; Denton 1982)
Sodium intake was estimated at 1,131-2,500 mg/day but this did not take into account sodium consumed from blood, interstitial fluids, and salty water
Industrialized societies that consume a lot of processed foods get about 2,100-2,730 mg/day of potassium and about 3,400 mg/day of sodium or a K/Na ratio of 0.7:1
The potassium-to-sodium ratio of our ancestors likely sits somewhere between 2-3:1
How much potassium a person should consume per day depends on many factors, such as blood pressure, genetics, and sodium intake.
There is also a lot of variability in people’s blood pressure responses to low and high sodium/potassium intake.
Bananas have potassium but there are at least 8 other foods with more potassium than bananas
The highest one being white potatoes - 1000 mg from 1 medium potato

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